Editing Modes
Software reference: Adobe Premiere, Avid Media Express
Offline Editing
In offline editing, you edit video using lower-quality copies of the original clips and produce the final version on a high-end system. Offline editing was developed to save money by editing in a less expensive facility. Although offline editing can be as simple as writing down time points for scenes while watching them on a VCR, it is increasingly done using personal computers and Premiere. Once you have completed the offline edit in Premiere, you create a table of scene sequences called an edit decision list, or EDL. You then move the EDL to an edit controller on a high-end system, which applies the sequence worked out in Premiere to the original high-quality clips. In this way, the editing work done on the less-expensive workstation is used to create the final cut on the more expensive, higher-quality workstation.
When you digitize video for offline editing, you specify settings that emphasize editing speed over picture quality. In most cases you need only enough quality to identify the correct beginning and ending frames for each scene. Because you will be generating an EDL from your edits, be sure all clips are captured with frame-accurate timecode that corresponds exactly to the timecode of the high-quality source video that you will use for the final online edit. If you plan to edit offline using VHS dubs (copies) of the source clips, be sure that in each dub you burn in the timecode—make the timecode visible in a window in the picture. These steps ensure that the EDL you generate is usable when transferred to the online system or edit bay and that your edits will be frame-accurate. See Reading timecode from source video.
Offline editing techniques can be useful even if your computer can handle editing at the quality of your final cut. By batch-capturing video using low-quality settings, you can edit the faster, using smaller files. When you’re ready to create the final cut, you can redigitize the video at the final quality settings.
Online Editing
Online editing is the practice of doing all editing (including the rough cut) on the same computer that will produce the final cut. Previously, online editing had to be done on expensive high-end workstations designed to meet the picture quality and data processing requirements of broadcast-quality video. Editors with high-end requirements who could not afford a suitable online system had to rent time at a production facility that owned one. As personal computers have become faster, online editing has become practical for a wider range of productions. With high-end personal computers, online editing is practical for broadcast television or motion-picture film productions.
For online editing, you’ll capture clips once at the highest level of quality your computer and peripherals can handle.
Note: When you edit Digital Video (DV) format clips, all editing is online. At the time this guide was written, the DV format did not allow creation of a low-resolution version at import time. However, DV compression makes standard DV manageable on many systems.
EDLs
What is EDL?
An edit decision list (EDL) is necessary when you use Premiere for offline editing and plan to complete editing of source videotape or motion-picture film in a post-production studio. An EDL contains the names of original clips, the In and Out points of those clips as they are used in a video program, and other editing information such as split edits, depending on the EDL format.
Additional Information on EDL: Premiere can export an EDL in formats compatible with various edit controllers, including CMX, Grass Valley, and Sony BVE. A generic EDL format is also provided. Supported EDL formats exist as plug-ins stored within the Plug-ins folder inside the Premiere folder, so you can add support for a new EDL format in the future if a Premiere-compatible plug-in becomes available.
Behavior and Functions of Audio in EDL
Because Premiere works with files on a computer instead of tapes, it controls sound in a way that differs significantly from traditional editing systems. Traditional tape-based editing systems are designed to record from (and to) one or more audio tracks on the videotape, or onto a separate audio tape recorder. Premiere provides up to 99 audio tracks in the Timeline for placement of audio clips; however, when you play or export video, Premiere produces a single track that can contain more than one channel (such as left and right). In Premiere, mixing of audio tracks is controlled by the fade and pan controls that accompany each audio track. The standard EDL has no way to mix sound, except for the mixing that occurs when one audio source dissolves into another audio source.
Offline Editing
In offline editing, you edit video using lower-quality copies of the original clips and produce the final version on a high-end system. Offline editing was developed to save money by editing in a less expensive facility. Although offline editing can be as simple as writing down time points for scenes while watching them on a VCR, it is increasingly done using personal computers and Premiere. Once you have completed the offline edit in Premiere, you create a table of scene sequences called an edit decision list, or EDL. You then move the EDL to an edit controller on a high-end system, which applies the sequence worked out in Premiere to the original high-quality clips. In this way, the editing work done on the less-expensive workstation is used to create the final cut on the more expensive, higher-quality workstation.
When you digitize video for offline editing, you specify settings that emphasize editing speed over picture quality. In most cases you need only enough quality to identify the correct beginning and ending frames for each scene. Because you will be generating an EDL from your edits, be sure all clips are captured with frame-accurate timecode that corresponds exactly to the timecode of the high-quality source video that you will use for the final online edit. If you plan to edit offline using VHS dubs (copies) of the source clips, be sure that in each dub you burn in the timecode—make the timecode visible in a window in the picture. These steps ensure that the EDL you generate is usable when transferred to the online system or edit bay and that your edits will be frame-accurate. See Reading timecode from source video.
Offline editing techniques can be useful even if your computer can handle editing at the quality of your final cut. By batch-capturing video using low-quality settings, you can edit the faster, using smaller files. When you’re ready to create the final cut, you can redigitize the video at the final quality settings.
Online Editing
Online editing is the practice of doing all editing (including the rough cut) on the same computer that will produce the final cut. Previously, online editing had to be done on expensive high-end workstations designed to meet the picture quality and data processing requirements of broadcast-quality video. Editors with high-end requirements who could not afford a suitable online system had to rent time at a production facility that owned one. As personal computers have become faster, online editing has become practical for a wider range of productions. With high-end personal computers, online editing is practical for broadcast television or motion-picture film productions.
For online editing, you’ll capture clips once at the highest level of quality your computer and peripherals can handle.
Note: When you edit Digital Video (DV) format clips, all editing is online. At the time this guide was written, the DV format did not allow creation of a low-resolution version at import time. However, DV compression makes standard DV manageable on many systems.
EDLs
What is EDL?
An edit decision list (EDL) is necessary when you use Premiere for offline editing and plan to complete editing of source videotape or motion-picture film in a post-production studio. An EDL contains the names of original clips, the In and Out points of those clips as they are used in a video program, and other editing information such as split edits, depending on the EDL format.
Additional Information on EDL: Premiere can export an EDL in formats compatible with various edit controllers, including CMX, Grass Valley, and Sony BVE. A generic EDL format is also provided. Supported EDL formats exist as plug-ins stored within the Plug-ins folder inside the Premiere folder, so you can add support for a new EDL format in the future if a Premiere-compatible plug-in becomes available.
Behavior and Functions of Audio in EDL
Because Premiere works with files on a computer instead of tapes, it controls sound in a way that differs significantly from traditional editing systems. Traditional tape-based editing systems are designed to record from (and to) one or more audio tracks on the videotape, or onto a separate audio tape recorder. Premiere provides up to 99 audio tracks in the Timeline for placement of audio clips; however, when you play or export video, Premiere produces a single track that can contain more than one channel (such as left and right). In Premiere, mixing of audio tracks is controlled by the fade and pan controls that accompany each audio track. The standard EDL has no way to mix sound, except for the mixing that occurs when one audio source dissolves into another audio source.
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